3rd President of the Philippines
José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was the president of the Japanese-Sponsored Republic of the
Philippines during World War II, from
1943 to 1945. His term as Philippine President is also the shortest: 1 year; 21
months and 35 days. José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6,
1959) was the president of the Japanese-Sponsored Republic of the Philippines
during World War II, from 1943 to 1945.
His term as Philippine President is
also the shortest: 1 year; 21 months and 35 days.
During his presidency, the Philippines faced
a crippling food shortage which demanded much of Laurel's attention.
Laurel also resisted in vain Japanese demands
that the Philippines issue a formal declaration of war against the United
States. There were also reports during his presidency of the Japanese military
carrying out rape and massacre among the Filipino population Laurel declared
the country under martial law in 1944 through Proclamation No. 29, dated
September 21. Martial law came into effect on September 22, 1944 at 9am.
Proclamation No. 30 was issued the next day, declaring the existence of a state
of war between the Philippines and the United States and the United Kingdom.
This took effect on September 23, 1944 at 10:00 am.
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